Etymologically then Salakanagara was associated with reports Ridwan Greek geographer named Claudius Ptolemy in the year 160 in the book that calls Geografia airports in the region Iabadiou (Java) named Argyre, which means silver. Is associated with a report from the Chinese Han Dynasty in 132 to preach about the coming of the King Ye Tiau envoy named Tiao Pien.
Ye Tiau interpreted as Java and Tiau Pien as Dewawarman. Included in this are referred to as the Kingdom Holotan Slametmulyana which is the predecessor of the kingdom in his book From Holotan Tarumanagara to Jayakarta is Salakanagara.
Problem lies Salakanagara, Ridwan Condet pointing to the area. The reason for the barking Condet flourish and many place names of historical significance, such as Bale Kambang and Batu Ampar. Bale Kambang is king and Batu Ampar pasangrahan boulder where offerings are placed.
In Condet also found an ancient tomb, called the population and the tomb of Ki Kramat Growak Balung Single interpreted Ridwan is a figure from the time of the kingdom of the Kingdom Kalapa Salakanagara progressors. This figure is according to Ridwan squad leader who still do battle despite living piece of the bone because it was nicknamed Ki Single Balung.
Having pointed to evidence geographically, Ridwan had completed his theory of historical forerunner of the Betawi people with a history of development of Malay language and culture to be more visible boundary between the Betawi with the Sundanese. He went to the 10th century. When there is competition between the Malay kingdom of Srivijaya wong wong Java with none other than the kingdom of Kadiri. This competition then becomes a war and bring the Chinese to intervene as a mediator because they disrupted commerce. Peace is achieved, control of the sea divided into two, east of the start of Srivijaya controlled Cimanuk, east of the start of Kadiri Kadiri controlled. This means that the port Kalapa including control of Srivijaya.
Srivijaya dynasty which then asks its partners in Central Java to help oversee the territorial waters of Srivijaya in western Java. But it turns out Syailendara ignorant then bring in migrant ethnic Malay Srivijaya western Borneo to Kalapa. In that period occurred in the distribution of Malay kingdom Kalapa which in turn - because the wave of immigration was larger than the early settlers - the Malay language which they brought defeat Sundanese Kawi as a lingua franca in the Kingdom Kalapa.
Ridwan pointed out, the "Pulo", that is, those who dwell in the Thousand Islands, called the season where the wind was blowing hard and dangerous to fishermen with "western season" (Malay), not the "season west" (Sundanese). The people in the village outskirts of Jakarta said "milir", "downstream" and "downstream" (western Borneo Malay language) to say "the city" and "city people".
Studies Lance Castles
To be impartial scales it is necessary here also expressed social-origin alias historical origins of the Betawi people who wrote Lance Castles, although the study of Australian researchers are a lot of angry people make Betawi, but until now it was all considered to be the most satisfactory answer (if not could be called the accepted history) by many parties, especially the academics.
In April 1967 in Indonesia magazine published by Cornell University, USA, Castles announced his research concerning the origin of the Betawi. The study, entitled "The Ethnic Profile of Jakarta" mentions that the Betawi formed at around the mid-19th century as a result of the amalgamation of various ethnic groups who are slaves in Batavia.
Briefly sketch the history of the Betawi according to Castles can be traced from, first Daghregister, the diary in 1673 that created the Dutch who settled in the castle town of Batavia. Second, notes Thomas Stanford Raffles in his History of Java in 1815. Keriga, notes population in Encyclopaedia van Netherlands Indies in 1893 and the fourth population census which made the Dutch East Indies government in 1930.
Therefore the classification of the population in the four records that are relatively equal, then all three can be compared, to give a change in the ethnic composition in Jakarta since the early 19th century until the early 20th century. As a result of reconstruction, these figures may not reflect the actual situation, but according to Castles's only historical data are available are relatively convincing.
From the comparison it can be known that for about a century, some ethnic groups such as the Balinese, Bugis, Makassar, Sumbawa, and so no longer listed as an ethnic group in Jakarta. While the number of the Javanese and Sundanese increased rapidly, which means sizable migration of Javanese, and Sundanese ethnic groups may be estimated in the past in the vicinity of Batavia is too low. Instead of new emerging ethnic group called "Batavians" (Betawi) in large numbers of 418,900 people. So in general it can be said that the presence of the Betawi people is the fruit of population policies that intentionally and systematically applied by the VOC.
The Archaeological Evidence
Ten years after the announcement of the results of research Lance Castles, archaeologists argued Uka Tjandarasasmita monografinya Manila and Surrounding Areas From Prehistoric Times Until Pajajaran Kingdom (1977). Uka does not refer to fend thesis monografinya Castles, but archaeological evidence has provided strong and scientifically about the history of the inhabitants of Jakarta and surrounding areas from the period before Tarumanagara in the 5th century.
It is argued that at least since the time of neolitikhum or new stone (3500 - 3000 years ago) Jakarta and surrounding areas where there are streams of large rivers such as Ciliwung, Cisadane, Kali Surabaya, Citarum in certain places are inhabited by human society. Some places it is believed that humans inhabited among others Cengkareng, Sunter, Cilincing, Kebon Sirih, Tanah Abang, Rawa Belong, Sukabumi, Kebon Nanas, Jatinegara, Cawang, Cililitan, Kramat Jati, Condet, Sunday Market, Pondok Gede, Western Cape, Lenteng Agung, Coconut Two, Cipete, Friday Markets, Middle Reef, Chester, Pondok Cabe, Cipayung, and analytical ability. So spread almost all over Jakarta.
Of the tools found at these sites, such as axes, pickaxes, chisels, hoes already diumpam smooth and wear wooden handle, it was concluded that human society was already familiar with agriculture (probably some kind of farming) and livestock. In fact also may have been familiar with the regular structure of social organizations.
How Important Descendants
Finally, before closing this paper have also raised questions, which apart from the polemics about the origin of the Betawi. Indeed how important is it for the Betawi descent? Citing research Ninuk Kleden, then the three that are considered most important in this phase of the life of the Betawi is circumcision, marriage, and death. Cultural background like that, of course, the Betawi people have very little concentration to remember something to do with birth. Peoples lives are much more relied on the Islamic religion teaches to better remember the day of death. Naturally, if one considers traditional Betawi birthday is not important. That's because it comes from pagan customs Kumpeni is their designation for VOCs (Verenigde indiesche Oost-Compagnie).
In that context it is natural that Mandra spontaneous answer "ah au dark" about the origin of the Betawi. When birth and descent who is not an issue for the Betawi. Is it history that accompanied polemic right or digress? No matter. Again, as said Mahbub Djunaidi, how to strut while critiquing the literature no. Betawi people is not Javanese, while many lie still managed to leave its history in the Chronicle.
Motto to live Betawi people who want to keep happy, makes them nonchalant about the origin of the polemic. They receive only when the Jakarta government set her birthday, June 22. Appropriate or not, true or false birthday was for the Betawi does not matter, because a fellow national unity entity let alone true, even should believe a lie. Life was already hard and contrived koq bother with all versions of it.
Perhaps this attitude because they lay history, or even otherwise, it is doubtful history. Betawi people are innocent and playful. For those human qualities that are not determined by the time of birth and from whom descent, but the contents of the head and temperament. Yes, it was not a descendant of nothing and not 100% dominant.
Put the Betawi people were descendants of the great king Salakanagara, Ki Balung The single magic or just a lowly slave, but the important Betawi people who were present. Between the greatness of Lord King Salakanagara, magic Ki Balung Single and humiliation slave Kumpeni by Betawi people now have nothing at all. No need to nag with the story of the origin of heredity. More important is the Betawi people now have to learn and work hard to be a quality range of great kings and do not fall like abject slaves oppressed worthless. Quality does not fall from the offspring, and not from the sky.
But about whom the Betawi, where it came from, in short history resolved the Betawi people must answer. Does not fall in the quality of offspring, but the question does not mean that history should not be underestimated and should look for the answer. Must be answered as best he could, because it concerns the extent to which we really mean it with history. History is more fair, which could be a source of inspiration and guidance that led the community and its supporters are now learning to know and understand as he worked hard to achieve the direction they should be heading.
In that context crisscrossed about the history of the origins of the Betawi people are important and need to be grateful as a sign that the direction of seeking a fair history underway, and there past history as a picture that is also a news thought or discourse, which demands a dialogic process has occurred and Betawi people live now take lesson from each of historiography or the writing of history involved in the polemic is to answer the concerns and anxieties of their socio-cultural human life should be responsible for promoting human well Betawi Indonesia. [JJ Rizal]
Source: http://www.kampungbetawi.com/sohibul.php
Betawi is not a tribal name but just a name tempat.Ini attested by a degree in clothing by clerics from the Syech betawi Junaid Al-batawi. (Sheikh Junaid, who died in Mecca in 1840 in the age of 100 years, for teaching in Haram has many students who come from overseas. Among the Al-Nawawi Syekyh Banteni, descendants of the founder of the Islamic kingdom of Banten, Maulana Hasanuddin (son of Sharif Hidayatullah).
Therefore, each haul Sheikh Nawawi, always read Fatiha for the soul of Sheikh Junaid. Until now the books written by Sheikh Nawawi especially about the laws of fiqh schools Syafii, be a reference not only in Indonesia, but also in foreign countries. Once respected Sheikh Junaid Al-Betawi in the Land of Hijaz. In 1925, when Sharif Ali (son of Sharif Husin) was conquered by Ibn Saud, said Buya Hamka, between the delivery terms is, "To the family of Sheikh Junaid still respected on par with King Ibn Saud family.
Proposed requirements are accepted by Sharif Ali Ibn Saud. "(Buya Hamka in the 'Discussion of Islamic Development in Jakarta,' at 27 to 30 May 1987). Therefore until now, there are descendants of Sheikh Junaid who became entrepreneurs and traders hotel. They are not traded in markets Seng, Mecca, but in stores. That said, the designation 'Siti Rohmah .... Siti Rohmah '.... by merchants in Mecca and Medina for the hujjaj (the plural of Hajj women), because the wife of Sheikh Junaid Al-Betawi named Siti Rohmah. Therefore, Junaid Syech the first to introduce the name in foreign Betawi ). Betawi is not a tribe but only clerics temapat like Java namely; Syech Somad Abd al Falimbani from Palembang, Syech Arsyad Albanjari from Banjarmasin, Syech Basuni Imran al Sambasi of Sambas, and al Nawawi Syech Banteni of Banten.Betawi is the origin of the word of Arabic batawiyu namely brick homes.
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Many believe that the Betawi is a 'tribe' is still young, newly formed at the latter time. This view is called - to borrow a phrase Ridwan Saidi - view 'Kali Besar centric'. Community Studies Jakarta (Betawi) is Kali Besar sentries as follows: Pieterszon Coen in 1619 conquered the White Rose. The entire population was expelled, and then imported slaves, and slaves which later became the forerunner of the Betawi. Kali Besar sentries view is disputed by experts kebetawian, Ridwan Saidi, at the scientific meeting Istiqlal Festival II in 1996. Ridwan Saidi revealed the existence of indigenous communities that inhabit the various regions in the area that is now called Jakarta, long before the arrival of the Dutch in the 16th century, and not including those who are 'displaced' in the Coen Pieterszon it. They are driven by Ridwan Saidi, was the marvelous manor was indeed politically endanger the existence of the colonizers.
The existence of the past (at that time still a part of Sundanese people) who inhabit what is now Jakarta was confirmed by the discovery of various relics of royal inscriptions Tarumanegara who has stood in the early-onset AD tarukh such monument inscription. Even Prof. Slamet Muljana reported the discovery of hand-held axes relic Condet neolithicum in the area. In the book History of the National Indonesia III (general editor: Marwati Djuned Puspanagoro and Nugroho Notosusanto) wrote that the Dutch people who came the first time in 1596 has found a lot of fish in the region seekers Kalapa (now North Jakarta). Banjar saga mentions that the inhabitants of White Rose (before it changed its name to Batavia) ranged from 12,000 to 15,000 people. Ridwan Saidi in a paper Betawi Society: The origin, and Role in National Integration (1996) writes that when the royal port of Sunda Sunda Kalapa founded in the 12th century, in Kalapa existing indigenous; on the maps created Britain in 1811 clearly visible patches of paddy fields stretching from the Great Field (Field area Bull) until Ulu Jami, rice plots that had been established centuries earlier. Thus the origin of the Betawi people who originated from the community in Kalapa, which originally was part of the Sundanese people.
Assimilation of different cultures and even world archipelago gradually fade Kalapa Sundanese culture community, and spawned a new cultural form patterned Polynesian Malay (Malay Borneo) are influenced by Arabic and Chinese culture. Malay-style Polynesian culture plus Arabic and Tingkok is then touted as the Betawi culture, and local Malay Polynesian accent became Betawi.
The influence of Betawi culture and continue to spread to the south to Tangerang, Jakarta, Depok, and the northern part of Bogor. Gradually, the areas in the south is also becomes part of the territory 'of Betawi'. So it is true that the limit language expert opinion to be true for cultural boundaries. Betawi bercikal in Kalapa (North Jakarta) now has a wider boundaries of DKI Jakarta.
Menyebaran Betawi culture and language (even religion) until further south mainly due to the expansion of Islamic coalition army Bantam, Cirebon, and Demak (Display?) Who invaded the kingdom Pajajaran in the 17th century. That said, coalition forces build up defenses in the southern region (Jakarta, Depok, Jakarta, Bogor and the northern part) before it burst into the capital of the kingdom Pajajaran. Then a coalition of Islamic armies Bantam, Cirebon, and Demak the many who do marriage with the local community.
All this information proves that the 'spare' Betawi community is not newly formed. Meanwhile, the characteristics of the Betawi people up into its present form, can not be separated from the long history of being 'commercial district' resulting in cultural assimilation of the various peoples of the archipelago and the world, either through trade relations, social relations, or through marriage.
By this I argue that as the Son Betawi Betawi origin derived from inter-ethnic marriage or the slaves who worked in the port of Sunda kelapayang mentioned in .They not read history scholars who took the title of Betawi mereka.Ciri behind the name is distinctive dialect differences in language and speech Betawi Interest ie Malay language creole
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